\newcommand{\toc}[1]{%
\tableofcontents[sections={#1},currentsection,currentsubsection]}

\newcommand{\plan}{\begin{frame}%
{\titlelong\\\titlesub}%
\begin{multicols}{3}\columnbreak\toc{1}\columnbreak\end{multicols}%
\begin{multicols}{3}%
\toc{2}\columnbreak\toc{3}\columnbreak\toc{4}%
\end{multicols}%
\begin{multicols}{3}\columnbreak\toc{5}\columnbreak\end{multicols}%
\end{frame}}

\AtBeginSection{\plan}
\AtBeginSubsection{\plan}
\AtBeginSubsubsection{\plan}